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Bastard Nation is a North American adult adoptee political advocacy and support organization. It was founded in 1996 by denizens of the Usenet newsgroup alt.adoption Shea Grimm, Damsel Plum, Marley Greiner and Lainie Petersen. The original intent of the organization was to support adult adoptees in gaining access to their original birth certificates as a civil right, rather than as a vehicle for facilitating a search, which had been the aim of prior open records organizations (See (The ALMA Society ) The Adoptees' Liberty Movement Association - "Celebrating more 38 Years of Adoption Reunion and Reform, 1971 - 2009"]. It is also distinguished from search-and-reconnection focused organizations in that it supports the full spectrum of the adult adoptee experience, including adoptees who do not wish to search〔(I Don't Want Reunion - I Want my Rights! )〕 and adoptees whose reconnections were a bad experience.〔(Bastard Nation's Reconnection Page - Scroll down for a link to "True Tales of Revolting Reunions" and "The Second Rejection" )〕 Besides advocating adult adoptee access to original birth certificates, Bastard Nation also launches campaigns against negative stereotypes of adoption and adoptees.〔(American Greetings Pulls Card after Intense Internet-Spawned Campaign )〕 North American adoptee birth certificates were originally sealed only to non-family members in the early 20th century〔See the (Adoption History Project ) for a brief history of sealed adoption records and links to primary sources〕 but after WWII most states〔Kansas and Alaska never sealed adoptee birth certificates. See the (American Adoption Congress list of Adoption Data from States Which Have Enacted Access )〕 sealed adoptee birth certificates permanently to all parties involved: the adoptee, the adoptive parents and the birthparents. The group has been successful in getting several states in the United States to approve legislation to open sealed records, for example in Oregon by Ballot Measure 58,〔(Measure 58 Timeline )〕 described in the book ''Adoption Politics: Bastard Nation & Ballot Initiative 58'' 〔(Adoption Politics: Bastard Nation & Ballot Initiative 58 ), University Press of Kansas, April 2004〕 by E. Wayne Carp (2004). They have members throughout the United States, Canada and the world.〔(Bastard Nation - Local )〕 The name is a reference to the fact that most adopted children were born illegitimate, hence are literally ''bastards''. The term ''bastard'' is employed both for shock value, and in an effort to reclaim the term for common usage (as was done by the organization Queer Nation with the word ''queer''). ==See also== * Canadian Council of Natural Mothers 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bastard Nation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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